R290 refrigerant: imalowetsa nthawi yake yowunikira

Mu 2022, firiji ya R290 idatulukira ngati wosewera nyenyezi. Mu theka loyamba la chaka, Bungwe la International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) linavomera kukulitsa malire ololedwa a ndalama zokwana R290 pazida zonse. Pakati pa kutentha kwa kutentha kwa pampu ku Ulaya, R290 inachititsa chidwi kwambiri Pampu Yotentha gawo. Kutsogolo kwamakampani, nawonso, panali zosintha zambiri zabwino, pomwe Midea idakhazikitsa makina oziziritsa mpweya oyamba padziko lonse a R290 okhala ndi Energy Efficiency Class 1.

Pamene kuyitanidwa kwapadziko lonse kwa ntchito zochepetsa mpweya wa kaboni ukukulirakulira mu 2023, R290 ili pafupi kukopa chidwi chachikulu ndikubweretsa mwayi watsopano wachitukuko.

R290, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti propane, ndi refrigerant yachilengedwe ya hydrocarbon yomwe imatha kupezedwa mwachindunji kuchokera kumafuta amafuta amafuta. Poyerekeza ndi mafiriji opangira ngati ma freon, mamolekyu a R290 alibe maatomu a klorini, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP) ikhale ziro, potero amachotsa chiwopsezo cha kuwonongeka kwa ozoni. Komanso, poyerekezera ndi zinthu za HFC, zomwe siziwononganso ozoni, R290 ili ndi mtengo wa Global Warming Potential (GWP) pafupi ndi ziro, kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha "greenhouse effect."

Ngakhale kuti anali ndi mbiri yabwino yokhudzana ndi GWP ndi ODP, refrigerant ya R290 inakumana ndi mikangano yosalekeza chifukwa cha gulu lake ngati firiji yoyaka moto ya A3, zomwe zimalepheretsa kukhazikitsidwa kwake m'misika yambiri.

Komabe, 2022 idabweretsa kusintha kwabwino pankhaniyi. Mu Meyi 2022, IEC idalengeza patsamba lake lovomerezeka kuti zolemba za IEC 60335-2-40 ED7, "Zofunika makamaka pamapampu otentha, zoziziritsa kukhosi, ndi zoziziritsa kukhosi," zidavomerezedwa mogwirizana. Izi zikuyimira mgwirizano mkati mwa miyezo ya IEC kuti awonjezere kuchuluka kwa zodzaza za R290 ndi firiji zina zoyaka moto m'ma air-conditioner apanyumba, mapampu otentha, ndi zoziziritsa kukhosi.

Pofunsa za miyezo ya IEC 60335-2-40 ED7, Li Tingxun, pulofesa wothandizira ku Sun Yat-sen University komanso membala wa Working Group 21, adalongosola kuti: "Powerengera kuchuluka kwa mafiriji a A2 ndi A3, IEC 60335-72-40 imapangitsa kuti zinthu zikhale bwino. Makampani tsopano, pogwiritsa ntchito njira zotetezera chitetezo monga kupititsa patsogolo kutulutsa mpweya wazinthu komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mapangidwe ozungulira mpweya, moyenerera awonjezere kuchuluka kwa mafiriji A2 ndi A3, omwe angafikire 988g."

Kukula kumeneku kunalimbikitsa kupita patsogolo kwakukulu pakukhazikitsidwa kwa R290 refrigerant mumakampani opopera kutentha. Choyamba, miyezo ya kompresa ya zotenthetsera pampu yamadzi yophatikizira zofunikira za R290 refrigerant. Pambuyo pake, pa Januware 1, 2023, njira zatsopano zopezera ndalama ku boma la Germany zomanga zobiriwira komanso zosagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zamagetsi zinayamba kugwira ntchito. Thumba ili likufuna kupereka ndalama zothandizira kusintha makina otenthetsera m'malo omangidwa. Kuti muyenerere kulandira thandizoli, zinthu zopopera kutentha ziyenera kukhala ndi Coefficient of Performance (COP) pamwamba pa 2.7 ndikulipiritsa mafiriji achilengedwe. Pakadali pano, R290 ndiye firiji yoyamba yachilengedwe yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazida zopopera zotentha ku Europe. Ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa lamulo la subsidy iyi, zinthu zopopera zotentha zogwiritsa ntchito R290 zikuyembekezeka kutengera anthu ambiri.

Posachedwapa, msonkhano wosiyirana waukadaulo wokhudza mafiriji a R290 ndi mapampu otentha adachitika bwino. Emerson ndi Highly ndi omwe amathandizira ukadaulo wa R290. Pamsonkhanowu, woimira Emerson adanena kuti pogwiritsa ntchito luso la kampani mu teknoloji ya firiji ya R290, apanga ma compressor angapo a Copeland scroll R290, omwe amaphimba liwiro lokhazikika, liwiro losinthika, lopingasa, loyima, komanso laphokoso lotsika, lomwe limapereka mayankho ogwirizana ndi msika wapampopi wosiyanasiyana ku Europe. Zamagetsi Zapamwamba, zokhala ndi ukatswiri wopitilira zaka khumi pagawo lopopera kutentha, zidavumbulutsa ma compressor angapo a R290-enieni otentha opangira msika waku Europe. Zogulitsazi sizongokonda zachilengedwe komanso zimadzitamandira kwambiri GWP, kuchuluka kwa magwiridwe antchito, kudalirika kwambiri, komanso kuyendetsa bwino ntchito, kuthana ndi zosowa za msika wapampopi waku Europe ndikuthandizira kusintha kwa mphamvu zobiriwira mderali.

Seputembara 7, 2022, linalinso tsiku lofunika kwambiri pafiriji ya R290. Patsiku lino, choyatsira mpweya woyamba padziko lonse lapansi wogwiritsa ntchito mpweya wa R290 wogwiritsa ntchito firiji ya R290 adagubuduza pa fakitale ya Wuhu ya Midea, ndikupereka njira yatsopano kuti makampaniwo akwaniritse zolinga za "carbon wapawiri". Zikumveka kuti APF (Annual Performance Factor) ya Midea yomwe yangopangidwa kumene ya R290 inverter air conditioner yatsopano ya R290 yafika pa 5.29, kupitirira muyeso wadziko lonse wa kalasi yatsopano yamagetsi 1 ndi 5.8%. Mndandandawu umabwera mumitundu iwiri: 1HP ndi 1.5HP, ndipo wapezanso chiphaso choyamba chaumoyo ndi ukhondo.

Pakali pano, firiji ya R290 yapita patsogolo m’madera monga zowumitsira zovala ndi zopangira madzi oundana. Malinga ndi zomwe bungwe la China Household Electrical Appliances Association linapereka, gawo lopangira ayezi latsala pang'ono kusintha kukhala firiji ya R290 chaka chatha kapena ziwiri, ndikutulutsa pafupifupi mayunitsi 1.5 miliyoni pachaka. Kukula kwa msika wa R290 zowumitsira zovala zopopera kutentha kwakweranso mwachangu m'zaka zaposachedwa, kuwerengera 80% mu 2020 ndi kuchuluka kwa mayunitsi 3 miliyoni.

Mu 2023, motsogozedwa ndi zolinga za "dual carbon", refrigerant ya R290, yomwe ili ndi ubwino wake wokhala ndi mpweya wochepa kwambiri, ili pafupi kuwunikira kwambiri kuposa kale.